Classic Baked Mac and Cheese
This deep-dish mac and cheese has a browned cheese top and creamy macaroni underneath—no breadcrumb crust. The elbows go into the oven slightly firm, with enough cheddar-mozzarella sauce to stay moist as they bake. A little of both cheeses is reserved for the top, where it melts into golden patches. Serve it warm from the dish after a short rest, while the cheese is still stretchy.
Time: 20 minutes prep, 35 to 40 minutes cooking, plus a 5 to 10 minute rest. Yield: 8 side-dish servings or 6 main-dish servings.
Ingredients for Classic Baked Mac and Cheese

- 12 ounces dry elbow macaroni (340g)
- 3 tablespoons unsalted butter for the sauce, plus about 1 teaspoon for the baking dish
- 3 tablespoons all-purpose flour (25g)
- 3 cups whole milk
- 10 ounces sharp cheddar cheese, freshly shredded, divided (about 280g)
- 6 ounces low-moisture mozzarella cheese, freshly shredded, divided (about 170g)
- 1/2 teaspoon fine salt, plus salt for the pasta water
- 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
How to Make Baked Mac and Cheese

- Prepare the oven and dish: Preheat the oven to 375°F (190°C). Lightly butter a deep, approximately 3-quart oven-safe baking dish. Reserve about 1 ounce of the cheddar and 2 ounces of the mozzarella for the top.
- Cook the macaroni: Boil the elbows in salted water until al dente or about 1 minute shy of the package’s al dente timing, roughly 6 to 9 minutes. They should still offer slight resistance when bitten. Drain.
- Thicken the milk sauce: Melt 3 tablespoons butter in a saucepan over medium heat. Whisk in the flour and cook for about 1 minute without letting it darken. Gradually whisk in the milk. Cook, stirring, for about 6 to 9 minutes, until the sauce coats a spoon but still pours easily.
- Add the cheese off the heat: Remove the saucepan from the burner. Stir in the unreserved cheddar and mozzarella a handful at a time until melted and smooth. Add the 1/2 teaspoon salt and the pepper; taste and adjust the salt if needed. Do not boil the sauce after adding the cheese, or it may turn grainy or oily.
- Fill the dish: Fold the macaroni into the sauce. It should look generously coated and slightly loose. Transfer to the prepared dish, leaving room for bubbling, and scatter the reserved cheese over the surface.
- Bake uncovered: Bake for about 20 to 25 minutes, checking at 20 minutes. Remove when the edges bubble and the top has scattered golden-brown patches. Do not keep baking to brown every inch; the macaroni can dry out. Rotate the dish only if your oven browns unevenly.
- Rest and serve: Let stand for 5 to 10 minutes, then scoop warm portions directly from the dish.
How to Keep Baked Mac and Cheese Creamy
The macaroni softens further in the oven, so it should still be slightly firm when drained. It also absorbs sauce as it bakes. If the pasta looks a little loose and generously coated before it goes into the dish, that is what helps it stay creamy beneath the browned top.
Thicken the milk before melting in the freshly shredded cheese off the heat. Once the casserole is bubbling at the edges and browned in patches, take it out rather than waiting for the entire surface to darken.
Baking Dish Size and Doneness
Use a deep dish with about 3 quarts of capacity, but leave headroom for bubbling. If the dish is nearly full, set it on a rimmed baking sheet to catch spills.
A wide, shallow dish may brown sooner, so start checking it before 20 minutes. A narrower, deeper dish may need longer. In either case, look for bubbling edges and a patchily browned cheese top rather than relying on the timer alone.
Serving and Variations
Serve warm with a green salad or Parmesan Roasted Brussels Sprouts. For a holiday spread, it also fits alongside Homemade Green Bean Casserole with Fried Onions.
For a crunchy variation, mix about 1/2 cup panko with 1 tablespoon melted butter and scatter it over the cheese before baking. This replaces the cheese-only look of the main recipe. For a separate version with add-ins, try Baked Mac and Cheese with Bacon and Caramelized Onions.
Storage, Make-Ahead, and Reheating
Cool leftovers, transfer to an airtight container, and refrigerate for up to 4 days. To reheat, add a splash of milk and warm loosely covered at 350°F (175°C) for about 20 minutes, checking until hot. Microwave individual portions in 30-second intervals, stirring between intervals. Reheated mac and cheese will be less stretchy than it is fresh from the oven.
To make ahead, assemble the casserole, cover, and refrigerate for up to 24 hours before baking. A cold casserole may take longer; bake until the edges bubble and the top browns in patches.
Cooled individual portions can be frozen for up to 2 months. Thaw overnight in the refrigerator before reheating; the texture may be less creamy than when freshly baked.
Nutrition
Approximate nutrition per side-dish serving, based on 8 servings: 470 calories, 23g protein, 25g fat, and 39g carbohydrates. Approximate values per 100g of finished casserole: 190 calories, 9g protein, 10g fat, and 16g carbohydrates. Values vary with the cheeses used and moisture lost during baking.
Equipment
- 3-quart baking dish
- Saucepan
- Whisk
- Colander
- Rimmed baking sheet
Ingredients
For the Mac and Cheese
- 12 ounces dry elbow macaroni (340 g)
- 3 tablespoons unsalted butter, plus about 1 teaspoon for the baking dish
- 3 tablespoons all-purpose flour (25 g)
- 3 cups whole milk
- 10 ounces sharp cheddar cheese, freshly shredded and divided (about 280 g)
- 6 ounces low-moisture mozzarella cheese, freshly shredded and divided (about 170 g)
- 1/2 teaspoon fine salt, plus salt for the pasta water
- 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
Instructions
- Preheat the oven to 375°F (190°C). Lightly butter a deep, approximately 3-quart oven-safe baking dish.
- Reserve about 1 ounce of cheddar and 2 ounces of mozzarella for the topping.
- Boil the macaroni in salted water until al dente or about 1 minute shy of the package timing, roughly 6 to 9 minutes. Drain.
- Melt 3 tablespoons butter in a saucepan over medium heat. Whisk in the flour and cook for about 1 minute without browning.
- Gradually whisk in the milk. Cook, stirring, for 6 to 9 minutes, until the sauce coats a spoon but still pours easily.
- Remove the saucepan from the heat. Stir in the remaining cheddar and mozzarella a handful at a time until melted and smooth.
- Stir in the 1/2 teaspoon salt and pepper. Taste and adjust the salt if needed. Do not boil the sauce after adding the cheese.
- Fold the macaroni into the sauce until generously coated. Transfer it to the prepared dish and scatter the reserved cheese over the top.
- Bake uncovered for about 20 to 25 minutes, checking at 20 minutes. Remove when the edges bubble and the top has scattered golden-brown patches.
- Let stand for 5 to 10 minutes before serving warm.
Tips
- Drain the pasta while it is still slightly firm; it will soften more as it bakes.
- Keep the sauce slightly loose before baking so the pasta stays creamy.
- Add the shredded cheese off the heat and avoid boiling the sauce to help prevent a grainy or oily texture.
- Remove the casserole when the edges bubble and the top browns in patches; baking until the whole surface is dark can dry it out.
- Start checking earlier if using a wide, shallow dish, and use a rimmed baking sheet if the dish is nearly full.
Variations
- Panko-Topped Mac and Cheese: Mix about 1/2 cup panko with 1 tablespoon melted butter and scatter over the cheese before baking.



























